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Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms in PCO and Fibrosis Following Cataract Surgery
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High-Order Aberrations in Cataract Surgery: Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Scoping Review.

Andreea Alexandra Mihaela Musat1, Calin Petru Tataru2,3, Gabriela Cornelia Musat4,5

  • 1Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|March 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

High-order aberrations (HOAs) significantly impact visual quality after cataract surgery, influenced by surgical techniques and intraocular lens (IOL) design. Optimizing visual outcomes requires addressing these aberrations and patient-specific factors.

Keywords:
cataract surgeryhigher-order aberrationsintraocular lensesrefractive outcomeswavefront aberrometry

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Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optics
  • Refractive Surgery

Background:

  • Cataract surgery has evolved into a refractive procedure, necessitating optimization of visual quality beyond basic visual acuity.
  • High-order aberrations (HOAs) are increasingly recognized as critical determinants of postoperative visual performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize evidence on higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in cataract surgery.
  • To analyze the impact of surgical techniques, intraocular lens (IOL) designs, and measurement factors on HOAs and visual outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review adhering to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Extensive database searches and manual screening of references identified 94 relevant studies.
  • Data were charted descriptively and findings synthesized narratively.

Main Results:

  • HOA profiles vary based on surgical techniques, IOL designs (monofocal, multifocal, toric, EDOF), and measurement devices.
  • Increased HOAs correlate with reduced contrast sensitivity, particularly in mesopic conditions.
  • Tear-film instability and pupil size dynamically influence wavefront aberrations.

Conclusions:

  • Postoperative visual quality is strongly linked to corneal characteristics, IOL design, surgical methods, and patient factors.
  • HOAs are significant but not the sole contributors to visual quality after cataract surgery.
  • Future research should prioritize standardized measurements and personalized strategies for optimal visual outcomes.