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A Fiducial-Marker-Based Localization Method for Automotive Chassis Bolt Assembly.

Xiangqian Peng1, Yingjie Xiao1, Zhewu Chen1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.

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|March 28, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel fiducial marker localization method for automotive chassis bolts, improving accuracy in challenging industrial settings. The enhanced image processing and ellipse fitting ensure reliable bolt end spatial localization for automated assembly.

Keywords:
Leitz criterionRetinex modelautomotive chassis bolt assemblyellipse fittingvisual localization method

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics and Automation
  • Computer Vision
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate localization of automotive chassis bolts is critical for automated assembly.
  • Challenges include non-uniform illumination, limited space, and occlusions in industrial environments.
  • Existing methods struggle with robustness and precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a fiducial marker-based localization method for automotive chassis bolts.
  • To enhance the accuracy and robustness of bolt localization in industrial settings.
  • To meet the precision requirements for automatic bolt assembly.

Main Methods:

  • A concentric ring-shaped fiducial marker is used on the assembly wrench.
  • Region of Interest (ROI) extraction via HSV color space segmentation.
  • Improved Retinex-based image enhancement for robustness.
  • Optimized ellipse fitting using the Leitz criterion.
  • Spatial localization using vanishing lines and ellipse parameter matrix to calculate the projected center.

Main Results:

  • The improved image enhancement significantly boosts ROI extraction accuracy.
  • Optimized ellipse fitting demonstrates higher accuracy and reliability.
  • The method achieves high localization accuracy and strong robustness.
  • Validated results align with theoretical bolt hole coordinates.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed fiducial marker localization method effectively addresses industrial challenges.
  • It offers high precision and robustness for automated automotive bolt assembly.
  • The method meets practical requirements for industrial applications.