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Related Concept Videos

Stress Concentrations01:13

Stress Concentrations

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The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
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Stress Concentrations01:24

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Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller...
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To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
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Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
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Consider a structure made of a boom and a rod designed to support a load. These two components are connected by a pin and stabilized by brackets and pins. The boom and the rod are detached from their supports to assess the different stresses imposed on this structure, and a free-body diagram is drawn. Then, all the forces applied, including the load acting on the structure, are identified. The reaction forces exerted on both the boom and the rod are computed using the equilibrium equations.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Evaluation of Commercial-Off-The-Shelf Wrist Wearables to Estimate Stress on Students
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Identification of Stress Location During Low-Speed Mobility Travel Using Environmental Data.

Narumon Jadram1, Yuri Nishikawa2, Midori Sugaya1

  • 1Shibaura Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Functional Control Systems, 3-7-5 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8548, Japan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

This study introduces a new method to identify stress points for electric wheelchair users by analyzing environmental data. Poor road conditions and narrow paths were found to increase stress levels during travel.

Keywords:
electric wheelchairheart rate variabilitylow-speed mobility devicesstress location

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Engineering
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Transportation Safety

Background:

  • Low-speed mobility devices (LMDs) like electric wheelchairs are crucial for mobility but travel can induce stress.
  • Identifying specific stress-inducing locations is vital for improving user experience and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an exploratory framework for identifying and quantifying stress locations during LMD travel.
  • To correlate environmental factors with physiological stress responses.

Main Methods:

  • A post-ride questionnaire identified perceived stress factors during LMD travel.
  • Travel routes were segmented, and environmental data quantified stress factors.
  • An environment-based stress estimation index and Composite Stress Score (CSS) were developed.
  • Correlations between CSS and heart rate variability (HRV) indices (SDNN) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Poor road surfaces, vibrations, other road users, and narrow sidewalks were identified as key stress factors.
  • Higher CSS values showed moderate negative correlations with SDNN, indicating potential physiological stress.
  • The framework demonstrated preliminary feasibility in estimating stress locations using environmental data.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework offers a novel approach to pinpointing stress-inducing locations for LMD users.
  • Environmental data can be utilized to estimate travel-related stress, aiding in route planning and infrastructure improvement.
  • Further research is needed to enhance generalizability across diverse routes and user populations.