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Design and Implementation of a Flexible Chipless RFID Coding Tag Based on Eyeball Structure.

Zhen Zhang¹, Yan Hu^1,2, Zhonghui Zhao¹

¹College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|March 28, 2026

Summary

This study introduces a flexible, chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag inspired by the human eyeball. The novel design offers high coding capacity and stable performance under bending, paving the way for advanced identification systems.

Keywords:

bionic chipless RFID tag circular ring resonance structure flexible frequency shift coding

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Area of Science:

Biomimetics and Materials Science
Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics

Background:

Traditional Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags often lack flexibility and struggle with limited coding capacity.
The need for compact, high-capacity, and flexible identification solutions is growing across various industries.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel flexible, chipless RFID tag inspired by the human eyeball's structure.
To achieve controllable resonant frequency shifts and high coding capacity within a compact design.
To evaluate the tag's performance under mechanical stress relevant to flexible applications.

Main Methods:

A bionic circular resonant structure was designed and fabricated on a polyimide substrate.
Selective addition/removal of branch structures enabled controllable resonant frequency shifts.
The tag's coding capacity and performance were analyzed through simulations and experiments.

Main Results:

The flexible chipless RFID tag achieved a coding capacity exceeding 45 bits.
Operated effectively within a 4-12 GHz frequency bandwidth, demonstrating synergistic improvement in coding capacity and compactness.
Simulation and experimental results confirmed encoding stability under bending and rotational conditions.

Conclusions:

The proposed bionic circular resonant structure is feasible for developing advanced flexible chipless RFID tags.
The design offers a promising solution for high-capacity, compact, and robust identification systems.
This work contributes to the advancement of flexible electronics and wireless identification technologies.