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Bioinspired Nanofluidic Temperate Synthesis.

Guandi He1,2, Xiqi Zhang1,3, Lei Jiang1,2,3,4,5

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Bioinspired nanofluidic temperate synthesis utilizes precisely controlled nanochannels and catalytic sites to mimic enzymes, achieving high conversion and selectivity for green chemical reactions under mild conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis and Green Chemistry
  • Materials Science and Nanotechnology
  • Bioinspired Engineering

Background:

  • Developing efficient, selective, and green catalytic methods is crucial for synthetic chemistry.
  • Existing nanoconfined catalysis systems lack precise control over channel dimensions, hindering room-temperature reactions and high yields.
  • Enzymes offer a model for highly efficient, selective, and ultralow-energy-consumption (UEC) catalysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate the concept of bioinspired nanofluidic temperate synthesis for UEC reactions.
  • To engineer nanochannels that mimic enzyme active sites for enhanced catalytic performance.
  • To achieve high conversion and selectivity in flow reactions under mild conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Designed nanofluidic systems with precisely controlled channel sizes (interlayer/pore dimensions) comparable to molecular scales.
  • Incorporated tailored catalytic sites (Lewis/Brønsted acids/bases) and binding sites (graphitic domains, oxygen vacancies) onto channel walls.
  • Utilized metal-organic framework (MOF) and graphene oxide (GO)-based membranes for experimental validation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved stereoregulated polymerizations using MOF membranes with 1D nanochannels.
  • Demonstrated high-performance flow reactions at ambient temperature using GO-based membranes, reaching ~100% conversion and ~100% selectivity for Knoevenagel condensation, esterification, and ring-opening reactions.
  • Attained ~100% conversion and ~100% selectivity in acetate ester flavor synthesis and benzylamine coupling using transition metal oxide membranes.

Conclusions:

  • Bioinspired nanofluidic temperate synthesis offers a transformative approach to sustainable flow synthesis.
  • Engineered nanochannels effectively mimic enzyme functions, enabling efficient catalysis under mild, green conditions.
  • Future work should focus on rational active site design, channel tuning, advanced characterization, and exploring novel photo-resonant reaction mechanisms.