Threatened abortion and its consequences on maternal and fetal health

Threatened abortion, defined as vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy with a viable fetus, is a common obstetric complication. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the maternal and fetal health outcomes associated with threatened abortion and to compare these outcomes with a control group of healthy pregnancies. Hence, a total of 240 pregnant women were included in this study, with 120 women diagnosed with threatened abortion and 120 healthy controls. Women with threatened abortion showed significantly higher rates of preterm delivery (25% vs. 12.5%, p<0.001), low birth weight (23.33% vs. 10%, p<0.001) and intrauterine growth restriction (12.5% vs. 6.67%) compared to the control group. Additionally, the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage (9.17% vs. 3.33%, p=0.001) and postpartum hemorrhage (10% vs. 4.17%) were significantly higher in the threatened abortion group. Neonatal outcomes also showed higher rates of low Apgar scores (10% vs. 3.33%, p<0.001) and NICU admissions (28.33% vs. 6.67%). Our study highlights the significant risks associated with threatened abortion, including increased rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, fetal growth restriction and maternal complications. These findings emphasize the need for early identification and careful management of pregnancies complicated by threatened abortion.