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Quantitative study of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards herpes zoster (HZ) and HZ vaccination: Survey findings from a multi-country study in Asia (ZOASIS).

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Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Herpes Zoster and Vaccination in Japan Using the

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Public awareness of herpes zoster (HZ) and vaccination is high in Japan, but knowledge and uptake remain low. Physician recommendations are key, yet face barriers like perceived patient unwillingness and cost.

Keywords:
Japanherpes zosterherpes zoster vaccinationknowledge attitudes and practicessurvey

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Herpes zoster (HZ) is a significant health concern.
  • Understanding public and physician perspectives on HZ vaccination is crucial for improving uptake.
  • The Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior model provides a framework for analyzing vaccination behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding herpes zoster (HZ) and its vaccination in Japan.
  • To identify barriers and facilitators for HZ vaccination among the public and physicians.
  • To inform public health strategies for increasing HZ vaccine uptake.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase mixed-methods study.
  • Phase 1: Concept elicitation interviews with the public (N=24) and physicians (N=6).
  • Phase 2: Quantitative surveys with the public (N=600) and physicians (N=60) to validate themes.

Main Results:

  • High public awareness of HZ (92.9%-94.0%) and vaccination (76.0%-80.4%), but low knowledge and vaccination rates (13.1%-32.0%).
  • Low intention to vaccinate (12.6%-18.2%) among unvaccinated individuals.
  • Physician recommendations strongly influence public vaccination decisions (78.7%-84.0%), but are hindered by perceived patient unwillingness and vaccine cost.
  • Government support could enhance patient-physician discussions and vaccination uptake (30.0%-53.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Despite high awareness, significant gaps exist in knowledge and practice regarding HZ vaccination in Japan.
  • Addressing physician-perceived barriers and exploring government support are vital for improving HZ vaccine uptake.
  • Findings can guide targeted public health interventions to boost vaccination rates.