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In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
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Hydrocarbons such as alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes show characteristic C–H stretching absorption bands. These IR stretching frequencies depend on the hybridization of the involved carbon atom and can be explained in terms of the s character of each hybridized atomic orbital.
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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Development of Efficient OLEDs from Solution Deposition
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Pure Near-Infrared Iridium Complexes with Rigid Oxygen-Bridged Boron Units and Solution-Processed OLED Application.

Zhigang Zhao1, Qiyin Chen2, Jiayu Cui1

  • 1School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, P. R. China.

Inorganic Chemistry
|March 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel near-infrared iridium complexes for optoelectronics. These materials exhibit pure emission above 750 nm, enabling efficient organic light-emitting diode (OLED) applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescent materials are crucial for optoelectronics and biomedicine.
  • Developing materials with pure NIR emission (>700 nm) is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel NIR iridium complexes.
  • To investigate their potential in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of rigid oxygen-bridged boron moieties with phenanthridine or quinazoline units.
  • Synthesis of two novel iridium complexes: Ir(Bpa)2dpm and Ir(Bqz)2dpm.
  • Fabrication and testing of an OLED device using Ir(Bpa)2dpm.

Main Results:

  • Both complexes exhibited pure NIR emission (>98%) with peaks at 756 nm and 787 nm.
  • Ir(Bpa)2dpm showed superior optical properties and solubility.
  • The fabricated OLED device achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 1.2% at 760 nm.

Conclusions:

  • A novel approach for designing pure NIR phosphorescent iridium complexes was established.
  • The synthesized complexes are promising for advanced optoelectronic applications, particularly in OLEDs.
  • This work advances the development of efficient NIR-emitting materials.