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Lignocellulose degradation patterns driven by plant-derived carbohydrate-active enzymes.

Guofeng Xu1, Xianjun Yuan1, Jie Zhao1

  • 1Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|March 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Plant-derived carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) effectively degrade lignocellulose, a key renewable resource. These enzymes show acid tolerance and adaptability, offering a sustainable pretreatment strategy for biomass conversion.

Keywords:
Carbohydrate-active enzymesLignocelluloseStructural characteristics

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Enzymology
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Lignocellulose's recalcitrant structure hinders efficient bioconversion.
  • Plant-derived carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) offer a potential solution for lignocellulose pretreatment.
  • Epiphytic microbiota interference was eliminated using electron-beam irradiation on Pisum sativum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the functional characteristics of plant-derived CAZymes for lignocellulose degradation.
  • Assess the application potential of these enzymes in biomass pretreatment.
  • Characterize a specific enzyme (FpGH17) and its interaction with oligosaccharides.

Main Methods:

  • Enzymatic property analysis of plant-derived cellulases.
  • Purification and characterization of FpGH17.
  • Molecular docking to predict enzyme-substrate interactions.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze structural changes.
  • Enzymatic hydrolysis for saccharification yield determination.

Main Results:

  • Plant-derived cellulases demonstrated significant acid tolerance and temperature adaptability.
  • FpGH17, related to glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase, showed strong binding affinity to cellobiose (-7.634 kcal/mol).
  • CAZymes induced physical and chemical structural damage to lignocellulose, preferentially releasing hemicellulose side-chain residues.
  • Enzymatic hydrolysis yielded high amounts of water-soluble carbohydrate (159 g/kg DM) and glucose (50.6 g/kg DM).

Conclusions:

  • Plant-derived CAZymes are effective in degrading lignocellulose, damaging its structure and releasing valuable components.
  • The characterized enzyme FpGH17 shows promise for targeted biomass modification.
  • These findings highlight the potential of plant-derived CAZymes as a sustainable and cost-effective pretreatment for lignocellulose valorization.