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Vertically Stacked Paper-Based Microarray Device for High-Throughput SERS Detection of Two Cancer Biomarkers.

Ji Qi1, Jiadong Chen1, Qian Yu1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 31, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel microarray paper-based device (µAPAD) enhances point-of-care diagnostics by enabling high-throughput SERS immunoassays. This innovation improves multiplex biomarker detection accuracy and speed for portable analytical devices.

Keywords:
high‐throughput biomarker detectionimmunoassaymicrofluidic paper chiprapid detectionsurface enhanced Raman scattering analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Precise optical tag control is a critical challenge in point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, limiting accuracy.
  • Portable analytical innovation is driven by the increasing demand for rapid diagnostic solutions.
  • Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers high sensitivity but requires precise control for multiplexed detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a vertically stacked microarray paper-based device (µAPAD) for high-throughput SERS immunoassays.
  • To improve optical tag control and reduce signal variation in multiplex biomarker detection.
  • To create a low-cost, scalable platform for next-generation POC diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 16-layer wax-patterned architecture integrating sample migration, reaction, and capture.
  • Optimization of microfluidic channels for uniform nanotag distribution and an agarose hydrogel layer for flow regulation.
  • Simultaneous detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) using SERS immunoassays.

Main Results:

  • Reduced signal variation from 36.6% to 6.69% through optimized microfluidics and flow control.
  • Achieved low detection limits of 0.34 ng/mL for CEA and 0.69 ng/mL for AFP, outperforming ELISA.
  • Demonstrated high analytical accuracy in spiked serum samples with recoveries of 80.3%-139% and RSDs of 6.30%-10.8%.

Conclusions:

  • The µAPAD platform offers high sensitivity, flow precision, scalability, and true multiplexing capability.
  • This low-cost device significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy and efficiency for POC applications.
  • The developed technology holds substantial potential for advancing large-scale health monitoring and diagnostics.