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Method for Measurement of Viral Fusion Kinetics at the Single Particle Level

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Fluorescence Imaging of Viral Sialidase Activity Using a Fluorogenic Probe.

Tadanobu Takahashi¹, Yuuki Kurebayashi², Tadamune Otsubo³

¹Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. takahasi@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|March 31, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed novel sialidase imaging probes to visualize viral sialidase activity in infected cells. These probes aid in detecting drug-resistant influenza viruses and understanding viral sialidase localization.

Keywords:

Drug resistance Fluorescence imaging Imaging probe Infected cell Influenza virus Neuraminidase Paramyxovirus Sialidase

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Area of Science:

Virology
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Background:

Influenza and paramyxoviruses possess sialidases that cleave sialic acid, a crucial viral receptor on glycans.
Viral sialidase expression is significantly upregulated in cells infected by these viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize novel sialidase imaging probes for visualizing viral sialidase activity.
To enable rapid, antibody-free fluorescence imaging of virus-infected cells.
To facilitate the detection of drug-resistant influenza strains and study sialidase localization.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a water-soluble, non-fluorescent sialidase imaging probe incorporating sialic acid and a fluorescent moiety.
Histochemical visualization of sialidase activity in infected cells using the developed probe.
Application of the probe for virus isolation and detection, including drug-resistant strains.

Main Results:

The sialidase imaging probe successfully visualized sialidase activity in infected cells.
The probe enabled rapid fluorescence imaging without the need for antiviral antibodies or cell fixation.
The probe demonstrated utility in detecting drug-resistant influenza viruses and characterizing sialidase localization.

Conclusions:

Novel sialidase imaging probes provide an effective tool for visualizing viral sialidase activity.
These probes facilitate rapid detection of infected cells and drug-resistant viral strains.
The developed probes enhance the study of viral sialidases and their localization.