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A General Kinematic Brain Injury Criterion Combining Translational and Rotational Effects.

Yuting Zhang1, Da Teng1,2, Zexuan Chen1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, No.381, Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering
|April 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new General Injury Criterion (GIC) accounts for both brain translational and rotational motions during impact. This GIC shows higher correlation with maximum principal strain (MPS), improving traumatic brain injury (TBI) prediction.

Keywords:
Finite element head modelHead injury criterionKinematic injury criteriaMaximum principal strainTraumatic brain injury

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Human head impacts involve complex translational and rotational motions.
  • Existing kinematic brain injury criteria often fail to adequately combine both motion types.
  • This limitation can lead to significant misjudgments in assessing brain injury severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a General Injury Criterion (GIC) that comprehensively integrates translational and rotational head motions.
  • To utilize maximum principal strain (MPS) as an intermediary variable for a more robust injury assessment.
  • To develop a practical tool for rapid, kinematics-based brain injury evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • 178 head impact cases were simulated using finite element models based on the THUMS model.
  • Translational and rotational effects on MPS were quantitatively analyzed.
  • The GIC was developed, compared with existing criteria, and validated against clinical TBI data.

Main Results:

  • Translational and rotational motions have comparable contributions to MPS and require simultaneous consideration.
  • The proposed GIC demonstrated the highest linear correlation with MPS among evaluated kinematic criteria.
  • GIC achieved high classification accuracy for clinically diagnosed TBI cases (58-92%).

Conclusions:

  • The GIC offers superior goodness of fit with MPS compared to existing kinematic criteria.
  • The study validates the feasibility of GIC for predicting traumatic brain injury from impact kinematics.
  • GIC serves as a valuable tool for bioengineering and safety engineering applications.