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Updated: Apr 2, 2026

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    This study introduces HoloFormer v3, an untrained hologram reconstruction method using a complex-domain attention mechanism. It improves accuracy and speed for real-world samples by effectively modeling amplitude-phase coupling.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Computational Imaging
    • Artificial Intelligence

    Background:

    • Single-frame hologram reconstruction is difficult for real-world samples.
    • Modeling coupled amplitude and phase information is a key challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an untrained method for accurate single-frame hologram reconstruction.
    • To address the challenge of modeling coupled amplitude and phase information.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a fully complex-domain attention mechanism for direct complex field computation.
    • Constructed HoloFormer v3, a general fully complex-domain transformer.
    • Utilized free-space back-propagation initialization for optimization.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved more effective representation of amplitude-phase coupling.
    • Demonstrated improved reconstruction accuracy on real samples.
    • Showcased faster convergence compared to existing untrained methods.

    Conclusions:

    • HoloFormer v3 offers a robust solution for untrained hologram reconstruction.
    • The complex-domain attention mechanism enhances amplitude-phase coupling modeling.
    • The method shows significant improvements for real-world applications.