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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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Slightly Stretching Your Arm's Reach May Improve VR Interaction: The Optimal Interaction Zone in a Memory Task.

Yuke Pi, Marco Gillies, Dorothy Cowie

    IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
    |April 1, 2026
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    Summary

    Virtual reality (VR) interaction methods like Go-Go and Laser selection show distance-dependent trade-offs. Go-Go enhances embodiment, while Laser improves efficiency, with optimal ranges identified for each.

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    Area of Science:

    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Virtual Reality Studies
    • Usability Engineering

    Background:

    • Virtual reality (VR) systems require effective interaction techniques for optimal user performance.
    • Spatial distance significantly impacts user experience and task efficiency in VR environments.
    • Understanding the interplay between interaction methods and distance is crucial for designing intuitive VR interfaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the Go-Go technique and ray-based Laser selection in VR.
    • To identify optimal distance ranges for minimizing motor and cognitive load in VR tasks.
    • To investigate how interaction methods and spatial distance affect user performance and subjective experience.

    Main Methods:

    • A memory task was administered to 41 participants in a virtual reality environment.
    • The Go-Go technique and Laser selection were compared across eight target distances (0.67x to 4x arm length).
    • User performance metrics (efficiency, workload) and subjective experience (embodiment) were recorded.

    Main Results:

    • A trade-off was observed between embodiment and efficiency across interaction methods.
    • Go-Go technique enhanced user embodiment, particularly at distances of 1.2x-1.4x arm length.
    • Laser selection demonstrated higher efficiency and lower workload, especially at distances of 1.4x-2.2x arm length.

    Conclusions:

    • The choice of VR interaction technique should be informed by the target distance to optimize user performance and experience.
    • Findings provide practical guidelines for developing adaptive, distance-aware VR systems.
    • Balancing embodiment and efficiency through appropriate interaction method selection is key for VR design.