Update on Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

This review highlights recent advances in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), emphasizing improved diagnosis, management, and understanding of the condition. Key developments include the use of noninvasive imaging techniques like ultrasound, MRI, and MR venography to detect characteristic features such as transverse sinus stenosis and skull base erosions. The landmark IIHTT demonstrated that acetazolamide combined with weight loss improves visual function, papilledema, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, and quality of life. Surgical options like CSF shunting, optic nerve sheath fenestration, and bariatric surgery show varying degrees of success. Ongoing research aims to better understand IIH's pathogenesis and develop targeted therapies.