Bibliometric trends and emerging frontiers in RNA interference research for mosquito control (2010-2025)

Mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue, and Zika, pose significant global health challenges, intensified by rising insecticide resistance and environmental concerns associated with conventional control methods. RNA interference (RNAi) offers a promising, eco-friendly, and species-specific approach for mosquito vector control by silencing critical genes. This study aims to assess the research landscape of RNAi in mosquitoes through a bibliometric analysis.

Relevant publications from January 2010 to October 2025 were retrieved from the Web of Science and Scopus targeted RNAi-related keywords. Only peer-reviewed, English-language original research articles were included. Data were analyzed using VOSviewer for network visualization, Bibliometrix for bibliometric metrics, and Microsoft Excel for descriptive analysis.

The analysis included 480 articles, revealing a steady increase in publications, with a peak in 2020. The United States (45.4%) and China (22.1%) led research output, while African countries were notably underrepresented. Keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated a shift from foundational gene function studies to applied technologies, including nanoparticle and yeast-mediated RNAi delivery systems. High-impact journals like Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Parasites & Vectors were prominent publication venues. Most studies targeted several genes, with the majority in Aedes species, then Anopheles species, and the least Culex species.

RNAi research in mosquitoes has advanced significantly, evolving toward practical vector control solutions, yet challenges persist in delivery efficiency and field application. The lack of African representation highlights the need for equitable global collaboration. Strengthened international partnerships and increased regional investment are essential to realize RNAi's potential for sustainable, effective mosquito control.