The Regulation and Function of Hippo/YAP Pathway in Cancer

Chinmoy Ghosh1, Ruchi Kakar1, Seline Torkamboor1

  • 1Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.

Insights

The Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway regulates cell growth and is implicated in cancer. Understanding its complex regulation is key to developing effective Hippo/YAP cancer therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The Hippo/Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway is crucial for organ size control, tissue repair, and maintaining cellular balance.
  • Dysregulation of the Hippo/YAP pathway is a significant factor in the development and advancement of various cancers.
  • Despite promising preclinical results, clinical application of Hippo/YAP-targeted therapies faces hurdles due to incomplete understanding of pathway intricacies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the Hippo/YAP pathway's core components and regulatory mechanisms.
  • To explore the pathway's interactions with other signaling cascades and its role in cancer.
  • To summarize the involvement of non-coding RNAs and discuss novel therapeutic strategies targeting the Hippo/YAP pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway.
  • Analysis of pathway components, regulators, and effectors.
  • Examination of pathway crosstalk, cancer relevance, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • The Hippo/YAP pathway is a complex network with context-dependent roles in different cancers.
  • Upstream regulators, downstream effectors, and pathway crosstalk significantly influence Hippo/YAP activity.
  • MicroRNAs and lncRNAs play critical roles in modulating Hippo/YAP signaling in cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Further mechanistic studies are essential to fully elucidate the Hippo/YAP pathway's complexities.
  • Identifying and understanding pathway vulnerabilities is crucial for successful clinical translation of targeted therapies.
  • Targeting the Hippo/YAP pathway holds significant therapeutic potential for various cancer types.

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