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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
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Measuring Severe Maternal Morbidity: Current Practices, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Elliott K Main1, Andreea A Creanga

  • 1Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California; and the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health and the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
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PubMed
Summary

Measuring severe maternal morbidity (SMM) is vital for improving maternal health. This review examines current SMM measures, their challenges, and future directions for better data collection and quality improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) measurement is crucial for enhancing maternal health outcomes.
  • Despite decades of effort, a universally accepted SMM measure is still under development.
  • Existing measures serve distinct purposes, including population surveillance, hospital comparisons, and quality improvement initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current definitions, strengths, limitations, and data collection challenges of widely used SMM measures.
  • To discuss proposed expansions of SMM measures to encompass postpartum complications, mental health, and substance use disorders.
  • To analyze the role and evolution of SMM measures in US healthcare improvement efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing severe maternal morbidity measures.
  • Analysis of proposed SMM measure expansions.
  • Examination of data collection challenges and proposed solutions.

Main Results:

  • Various SMM measures exist, each with specific applications and limitations.
  • Data collection for SMM measures presents significant challenges.
  • SMM measures are integral to quality improvement at multiple healthcare levels in the US.

Conclusions:

  • SMM measures are essential tools for maternal health improvement despite ongoing challenges.
  • Future SMM measures will likely evolve to incorporate broader aspects of maternal health and improve data integration.
  • Continued refinement of SMM measures is anticipated to meet the evolving needs of healthcare systems and national surveillance.