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Rethinking two-photon voltage imaging.

Shuzhang Liu1, Luxin Peng2, Peng Zou3

  • 1College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Neuron
|April 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Grimm et al. introduce the Jarvis voltage indicator for high-speed in vivo imaging. This breakthrough shows rhodopsin indicators are compatible with two-photon microscopy, enabling robust neural activity monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Voltage imaging is crucial for understanding neural circuits.
  • Two-photon microscopy offers deep tissue penetration but has limitations with certain indicators.
  • Rhodopsin-based indicators were previously thought incompatible with two-photon microscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel voltage indicator for in vivo neural activity.
  • To demonstrate the compatibility of rhodopsin indicators with two-photon microscopy.
  • To achieve high-speed, robust voltage imaging in living organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Development and characterization of the Jarvis voltage indicator.
  • Utilizing scanless parallel two-photon excitation microscopy.
  • In vivo imaging experiments in model organisms.

Main Results:

  • The Jarvis indicator enables robust, high-speed voltage imaging in vivo.
  • Scanless parallel two-photon excitation overcomes previous limitations.
  • Demonstrated successful application of rhodopsin-based indicators with two-photon microscopy.

Conclusions:

  • The Jarvis voltage indicator represents a significant advancement in neural imaging.
  • Scanless two-photon excitation is a viable method for in vivo voltage imaging.
  • This work challenges prior assumptions and opens new avenues for neuroscience research.