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Urogenital dysfunction in neurological diseases.

Ryuji Sakakibara1, Tatsuya Yamamoto2, Tomoyuki Uchiyama3

  • 1Neurology, Dowakai Chiba Hospital and Neurology Clinic Tsudanuma, Funabashi, Japan. sakakibaranyo@hotmail.com.

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Summary

Neural damage causes urogenital dysfunction, affecting the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) and sexual organs. This review covers physiology, innervation, and management of these dysfunctions in central nervous system (CNS) disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Urology
  • Sexual Medicine

Background:

  • Neural damage anywhere in the nervous system can impair lower urinary tract (LUT) and sexual organ function.
  • LUT dysfunction includes underactive bladder (urinary retention) and overactive bladder (urinary incontinence).
  • Sexual dysfunction encompasses loss of libido, and erection, ejaculation, and orgasm disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiology and innervation of the LUT and sexual organs.
  • To discuss urogenital dysfunction in various central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
  • To highlight advances in managing urogenital dysfunction in neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of physiological and pathological aspects of neurogenic urogenital dysfunction.
  • Analysis of urogenital symptoms in patients with stroke, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and other CNS disorders.
  • Synthesis of current management strategies for neurogenic urogenital dysfunction.

Main Results:

  • Central nervous system disorders frequently cause significant lower urinary tract and sexual dysfunction.
  • Specific neurological conditions present with distinct patterns of urogenital impairment.
  • Management strategies are evolving, with a focus on improving quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • Urogenital dysfunction is a common and impactful consequence of neurological damage.
  • Understanding the neuroanatomy and pathophysiology is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Advances in management offer improved outcomes for patients with neurological disorders.