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Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

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Dihybrid Crosses

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Dihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...

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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

Frequency and Distribution of Crossovers in Caenorhabditis elegans Meiosis by SNP Genotyping using Real-time PCR

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Published on: July 11, 2025

Methods for single-pair Ascaridia galli genetic crosses.

J B Collins¹, Erik C Andersen¹

¹Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Micropublication Biology

|April 3, 2026

Summary

Researchers optimized genetic crosses for Ascaridia galli, a chicken parasite. This new method advances ascarid research and genetic studies for improved disease control.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Parasitology
Helminthology
Genetics

Background:

Ascarid parasites cause significant health and economic problems in various hosts.
Limited genetic tools hinder the study of ascarid biology and the development of control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize genetic crossing methods for Ascaridia galli, a common poultry parasite.
To establish a controllable genetic crossing system for advancing ascarid research.

Main Methods:

Sexually immature Ascaridia galli larvae were recovered from donor chickens.
Larvae were orally administered to recipient chickens within gelatin capsules.
Single-pair matings were established to control genetic crosses.

Main Results:

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Last Updated: Apr 4, 2026

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Successful single-pair matings were achieved in 32% of all crossing attempts.
The optimized method provides a controlled approach for genetic crosses in Ascaridia galli.
This technique facilitates the avian model for ascarid research.

Conclusions:

The established method for controlled genetic crosses in Ascaridia galli is a significant advancement.
This will enable future research, including reference genome creation, inbreeding for drug resistance studies, and host-pathogen interaction investigations.