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Updated: Apr 4, 2026

A Standardized Pig to Macaque Heterotopic Heart Xenotransplantation Model
Published on: November 4, 2025
Xenotransplantation: Promise, progress, and risks
1Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of California, Davis, CA USA.
Abstract:
Xenotransplantation has seen remarkable progress in recent years, largely driven by the advent of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology. Several patients have received genetically modified kidney and heart transplants, achieving graft and patient survival ranging from days to months. This review offers a brief history of xenotransplantation and highlights advancements in gene editing that represent breakthroughs in minimizing rejection. It also presents recent cases of xenotransplantation and their clinical outcomes. Finally, the review addresses the ethical considerations and risks associated with this emerging field.
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