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Related Concept Videos

Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
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Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
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A Standardized Pig to Macaque Heterotopic Heart Xenotransplantation Model
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Xenotransplantation: Promise, progress, and risks.

Peter Zheng1, Sijie Zheng2

  • 1Department of Entomology and Nematology, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of California, Davis, CA USA.

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology
|April 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing have significantly improved xenotransplantation outcomes. Genetically modified organ transplants show promising survival, though ethical considerations remain crucial for this evolving field.

Keywords:
CRISPR-Cas9ESRDGene EditingXenotransplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Biology
  • Gene Editing Technology

Background:

  • Xenotransplantation, using animal organs in humans, has historically faced significant immunological barriers.
  • The development of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has revolutionized the field by enabling precise genetic modifications in donor animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a historical overview of xenotransplantation.
  • To highlight recent breakthroughs in gene editing for minimizing xenograft rejection.
  • To review current clinical cases and discuss ethical implications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical xenotransplantation attempts.
  • Analysis of CRISPR-Cas9 applications in modifying donor organs (e.g., pigs).
  • Compilation and assessment of clinical outcomes from recent xenotransplantation cases.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has led to significant reductions in hyperacute and cellular rejection.
  • Several patients have received genetically modified kidney and heart xenografts, with survival ranging from days to months.
  • Demonstrated feasibility of xenotransplantation with improved, albeit limited, graft survival.

Conclusions:

  • Gene editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, are pivotal in advancing xenotransplantation.
  • While clinical outcomes show progress, long-term graft survival and patient safety require further investigation.
  • Ethical considerations and risk assessment are paramount for the responsible development of xenotransplantation.