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ROS-associated metabolic disorders: Molecular mechanism and stem cell therapy

Biplab Debnath1, Joy Das2, Utpal Bhui3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, West Bengal 711316, India.

Pathology, Research and Practice
|April 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to metabolic disorders by causing oxidative stress. Stem cell (SC) therapy, combined with antioxidants, shows promise in managing these ROS-related conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Metabolic disorders encompass conditions like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, often stemming from imbalanced energy regulation and cellular homeostasis.
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS), byproducts of metabolism, are increasingly implicated in the early stages of metabolic diseases.
  • Excessive ROS leads to oxidative stress, damaging cells and disrupting crucial metabolic pathways like lipid metabolism and insulin signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of ROS in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders.
  • To explore the potential of stem cell (SC) therapy in mitigating oxidative stress in metabolic diseases.
  • To discuss the combined application of SCs and antioxidants for treating metabolic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the involvement of ROS in metabolic disorders.
  • Analysis of current research on stem cell applications for metabolic conditions.
  • Examination of studies investigating antioxidant therapies in conjunction with stem cells.

Main Results:

  • ROS significantly contribute to cellular damage and dysfunction in metabolic disorders.
  • Stem cell therapy presents a promising avenue for managing metabolic disorders.
  • Antioxidant strategies alongside SCs may effectively counteract ROS-induced damage.

Conclusions:

  • Oxidative stress driven by ROS is a key factor in metabolic disorder development.
  • Stem cell therapy offers a novel therapeutic strategy for metabolic diseases.
  • Combining stem cells with antioxidants holds potential for enhanced treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
Metabolic disordersMitochondrial dysfunctionOxidative stressReactive oxygen speciesStem cell therapy

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