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Associating contaminant risks with land use changes over time.

Dingyi Liu1, Lauryn Hansen2, Mia Comeros3

  • 1Department of Urban and Regional Planning at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i, 96822, USA; Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i, 96822, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Land use changes in Pu'uloa (Pearl Harbor) have led to significant metal and pesticide contamination, disproportionately affecting Native Hawaiian and Black communities. This historical analysis guides environmental remediation and restoration efforts.

Keywords:
ContaminationEnvironmental justiceHawaiʻiLand use changes

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Historical Geography
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Pacific Islands face intensified contaminant impacts from land use changes, threatening coastal ecosystems and communities.
  • Pu'uloa (Pearl Harbor), Hawai'i, a historically rich area for food production and marine resources, has undergone significant environmental alteration over two centuries.
  • Understanding historical land use is crucial for addressing modern environmental contamination challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconstruct two centuries of land use change in Pu'uloa (1825-2023).
  • To integrate historical land use data with spatially explicit environmental contamination data.
  • To identify the relationship between land use transitions and contaminant profiles in Pu'uloa.

Main Methods:

  • Georeferencing 38 historical maps to reconstruct land use changes from 1825 to 2023.
  • Integrating historical land use data with compiled environmental contamination data from various sources.
  • Visualizing 200 years of land use transitions and linking them to contaminant profiles.

Main Results:

  • Pu'uloa transitioned from undeveloped land to plantation agriculture, followed by extensive post-WWII urban development.
  • Metals and legacy pesticides are the primary contaminants, with Honouliuli exhibiting the highest concentrations due to historical sugar plantations and military activities.
  • Native Hawaiian and Black residents bear a disproportionate toxic burden risk.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial-temporal land use history clarifies contamination risks and affected populations.
  • Findings can guide remediation, management, and restoration of culturally significant sites.
  • The framework is applicable to other Pacific Islands and global locations with similar land-use legacies.