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Missing persons response: national programs and global cooperation in Brazil's migration context.

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Identifying missing persons (MP) and unidentified human remains (UHR) requires international cooperation. Effective identification relies on forensic genetics, legal frameworks, and data sharing, not just lab capacity.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Genetics
  • International Law
  • Humanitarian Studies

Background:

  • Missing persons and unidentified human remains (MP/UHR) pose significant global challenges.
  • Transnational DNA cooperation is crucial for identifying individuals with migration-related links.
  • Existing identification initiatives require examination within legal and operational contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review MP/UHR identification initiatives in selected countries with migration links to Brazil.
  • To analyze the integration of forensic genetics in MP/UHR workflows.
  • To assess legal, governance, and operational aspects of transnational DNA cooperation.

Main Methods:

  • Documentary review of peer-reviewed literature, official reports, and international organization documentation.
  • Analysis focused on countries with migration links to Brazil and relevance to transnational DNA cooperation.
  • Examination of forensic genetics integration, legal frameworks, and cross-border data exchange.

Main Results:

  • Identification success depends on laboratory capacity, institutional coordination, and data linkage (ante-mortem/post-mortem).
  • International mechanisms like INTERPOL's I-Familia database show potential but face limitations.
  • Inconsistent adoption and varying national protocols hinder the effectiveness of global identification tools.

Conclusions:

  • MP/UHR identification is a shared international responsibility.
  • Cooperation in science, law, and policy is essential for ensuring dignity, truth, and justice for families.
  • Strengthening international collaboration is vital for improving identification outcomes.