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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

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Assessing motivating factors for IUD self-removal through focus groups and simulation.

Melissa L Wong1, Rushina Pancholi2, Leanne Yinusa-Nyahkoon3

  • 1Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.

Contraception
|April 4, 2026
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Summary

Many IUD users desire self-removal for better control over their bodies and healthcare experiences. Providing information and simulation training can increase self-efficacy and support this underutilized method.

Keywords:
AutonomyContraceptionIUD Self-removalIntrauterine device (IUD)Simulation

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Patient Autonomy
  • Healthcare Access

Background:

  • Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are common contraceptives.
  • Some users may wish to discontinue IUD use outside of clinical settings.
  • Understanding motivations for IUD self-removal is crucial for patient-centered care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore motivating factors behind IUD self-removal among users.
  • To assess the impact of simulated IUD removal on decision-making and self-efficacy.
  • To identify potential resources and support systems for facilitating IUD self-removal.

Main Methods:

  • Three semi-structured focus groups were conducted with IUD ever-users.
  • The Theory of Planned Behavior guided the investigation of perceptions and promoters of self-removal.
  • Thematic analysis was used to interpret focus group transcripts and simulation experiences.

Main Results:

  • Participants desired information and resources to support IUD self-removal.
  • Self-removal was viewed positively for managing side effects and mitigating negative healthcare experiences.
  • IUD removal simulation reduced fear and enhanced participants' sense of control.

Conclusions:

  • IUD self-removal is a desired but underutilized method for discontinuing IUD use.
  • Patient desire for control, especially against systemic and clinician barriers, drives interest in self-removal.
  • Clinicians can empower patients by offering self-removal instruction and simulation practice.