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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
79
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

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The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
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The Skin Microbiota01:27

The Skin Microbiota

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The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

37
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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Soil Microbial Ecology01:29

Soil Microbial Ecology

54
Soil microbial ecology is defined by highly diverse, spatially structured communities that drive nutrient cycling, organic matter turnover, and overall ecosystem stability. Although a gram of soil can contain thousands of bacterial and archaeal taxa, the ecological processes they mediate are even more crucial for sustaining terrestrial life.Microhabitats and NichesSoil is a heterogeneous mixture of minerals, organic matter, water, and air. Microbes inhabit distinct microhabitats formed by...
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The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

41
The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 6, 2026

Microbiota of Attine Ants' Gardens: Visualizing a Microbial Landscape by Scanning Electron Microscopy
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What do we know about the seed microbiome?

Xiangning Qi1, Decai Jin2, Expedito Olimi1,3

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.

Microbiome
|April 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The seed microbiome enhances plant health and resilience. Understanding these microbes is key to sustainable agriculture and food security in a changing climate.

Keywords:
Plant endophytesPlant microbiomePlant–microbe interactionsSeed endophytesSeed microbiotaTransgenerational inheritance

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Exploring the Root Microbiome: Extracting Bacterial Community Data from the Soil, Rhizosphere, and Root Endosphere
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Plant Science
  • Agriculture

Background:

  • Seed microbiomes are crucial for plant health and resilience.
  • Seeds act as vectors for microbiota transmission.
  • Despite their importance, seed-associated microbes are underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review recent findings on seed microbiota functions.
  • To cover taxonomic composition, transmission, and functional roles.
  • To identify challenges and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of taxonomic diversity and composition.
  • Evaluation of functional roles in plant development and stress resistance.

Main Results:

  • Seed microbiomes play key roles in germination, seedling establishment, growth promotion, and stress resistance.
  • Diverse transmission mechanisms facilitate microbial colonization.
  • Methodological challenges in studying seed microbiomes persist.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into seed microbiomes can enhance agricultural sustainability and food security.
  • Mechanistic studies are needed to understand plant-microbe interactions at early developmental stages.
  • Harnessing seed microbiota offers potential for climate change adaptation in agriculture.