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Detecting Test Speededness Using Responses and/or Response Times: Change Point Analysis Approaches Based on Schwarz

Jing Lu1, Chun Wang2, Jiwei Zhang3

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Summary

This study introduces Schwarz Information Criterion Change Point Analysis (SIC-CPA) to detect test speededness. SIC-CPA improves detection accuracy and efficiency, especially when combining response and response time data.

Keywords:
change point detectioninformation criterionresponses and/or response timestest speededness

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Area of Science:

  • Psychometrics
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Change point analysis (CPA) identifies structural shifts in data sequences.
  • Detecting test speededness in time-limited tests is crucial for accurate assessment.
  • Existing methods may lack efficiency or accuracy in identifying response patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate three Schwarz Information Criterion Change Point Analysis (SIC-CPA) methods for detecting test speededness.
  • To compare the performance of SIC-CPA approaches using response data, response time (RT) data, and combined data.
  • To assess the accuracy, efficiency, and Type I error control of SIC-CPA against traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • Development of three SIC-CPA approaches: response data only, RT data only, and combined response/RT data.
  • Conducting six simulation studies under various conditions to test the proposed methods.
  • Comparative analysis against likelihood ratio and Wald tests, including performance with contaminated data.

Main Results:

  • SIC-CPA effectively enhances change point detection power and reduces Type I errors compared to existing tests.
  • The combined response and RT data SIC-CPA method demonstrated superior performance.
  • SIC-CPA accurately identified distinct change points in RT data, reflecting warm-up and speededness effects.
  • An iterative detect-clean-recalibrate procedure improved Type I error control with contaminated data.

Conclusions:

  • SIC-CPA offers a powerful and efficient tool for detecting test speededness in time-limited assessments.
  • Combining response and RT data provides the most robust SIC-CPA approach for identifying response pattern shifts.
  • SIC-CPA demonstrates improved reliability and accuracy, particularly in challenging data conditions.