Osseodensification in Different-Dimension Dental Implants: A Split-Mouth Clinical Study

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Biomaterials Science
• Surgical Techniques

Background:

• Dental implant stability is crucial for successful osseointegration.
• Optimizing osteotomy preparation can enhance primary implant stability.
• Comparing drilling techniques is essential for improving surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotients (ISQ) between subtractive drilling (SD) and osseodensification (OD) for dental implants.
• To evaluate the influence of drilling technique on implant stability across different implant dimensions and surgical sites.

Main Methods:

• A split-mouth study involving 23 patients and 105 dental implants.
• Implants were placed using either SD or OD techniques in the anterior or posterior maxilla.
• Insertion torque and resonance frequency analysis (ISQ) were measured post-surgery and at follow-up intervals up to 10 weeks.

Main Results:

• Osseodensification (OD) resulted in significantly higher insertion torque (IT) values compared to subtractive drilling (SD).
• Higher ISQ values were observed in the OD group during the initial 2 weeks post-surgery.
• Increased IT and early ISQ were correlated with OD, anterior maxilla placement, and regular implant diameter.

Conclusions:

• Osseodensification (OD) demonstrates superior initial stability, evidenced by higher IT and early ISQ, compared to subtractive drilling (SD).
• The drilling technique, particularly OD, appears to positively influence early dental implant stability.
• Further research with larger cohorts is recommended to confirm the clinical significance of these findings.