Two-dimensional materials for integrated sensing

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Optoelectronics
• Computer Engineering

Background:

• Resistive-switching materials advance electrical multiply-accumulate (MAC) operations for optoelectronic sensing and computing.
• Current MAC schemes face a dimensional mismatch between electrical and optical information, limiting high-dimensional data exploration.
• Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer tunable properties for in situ encoding and sensing of multi-dimensional optical information.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review progress in 2D-material-based integrated sensors for optoelectronic applications.
• To unify information encoding by benchmarking electrical inputs with optical scenarios.
• To explore opportunities and challenges in multi-dimensional information encoding for integrated sensors.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on 2D materials in optoelectronic sensing and computing.
• Analysis of information encoding frameworks for electrical and optical data.
• Benchmarking of device architectures and data algorithms for integrated sensors.

Main Results:

• 2D materials show promise for integrated sensors capable of in situ encoding and precise control of multi-dimensional optical information.
• A unified framework for information encoding is proposed, highlighting dimensional mismatches.
• Retina-like functionalities and advanced optoelectronic sensing are facilitated by these materials.

Conclusions:

• 2D-material-based integrated sensors represent a significant advancement in optoelectronics.
• Addressing dimensional mismatches is crucial for unlocking the full potential of high-dimensional optical information.
• Integrated sensors hold potential for diverse applications beyond current optoelectronic computing.