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Risk of Non-Infectious Uveitis Associated with Medications for Substance Use Disorders.

Matthew J Schulgit1,2, Ashley Hailer3, Margaret G Miller3

  • 1Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

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|April 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) may slightly increase the risk of posterior noninfectious uveitis (NIU) in real-world settings compared to SSRIs. Ophthalmologic monitoring is suggested for patients on MAT.

Keywords:
Medication-assisted treatmentTriNetXsubstance use disordersuveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The link between medication-assisted treatment (MAT) and noninfectious uveitis (NIU) requires clarification.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for patient safety and treatment management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the risk of NIU in patients prescribed MAT.
  • To compare NIU risk between MAT and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, population-based cohort study using deidentified electronic health records.
  • MAT patients compared to matched SSRI patients (control cohort).
  • Risk ratios (RRs) calculated for NIU and its subtypes (anterior, intermediate, posterior, pan-uveitis).

Main Results:

  • No increased NIU risk with MAT in low inflammatory risk analyses.
  • Real-world analysis showed increased posterior NIU risk with MAT at 1, 3, and 6 months (RR 1.44).

Conclusions:

  • MAT prescriptions may be linked to a mild increase in posterior NIU risk in real-world settings.
  • Ophthalmologic monitoring may benefit patients on MAT; further institutional studies are needed.