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Marriage and Cancer Risk: A Contemporary Population-Based Study Across Demographic Groups and Cancer Types.

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Never-married adults face significantly higher cancer incidence across most cancer types and demographics. Ever-married status is linked to lower cancer risk, suggesting social and behavioral factors influence cancer disparities.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociomedical Sciences

Background:

  • Marriage is linked to better cancer diagnosis and survival.
  • The association between marital status and cancer incidence remains less understood.
  • Understanding these disparities is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cancer risk variations based on marital status.
  • To analyze these differences across various cancer sites, sexes, racial/ethnic groups, and age brackets.
  • To explore the potential social and behavioral pathways contributing to these disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized large-scale US population data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program (2015-2022).
  • Calculated age-adjusted cancer incidence rates comparing never-married and ever-married adults.
  • Employed negative binomial regression to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR), stratified by demographic factors and cancer site.

Main Results:

  • Never-married adults exhibited significantly higher overall cancer incidence (IRR men=1.68, women=1.85).
  • Elevated incidence was observed across most cancer sites and racial/ethnic groups.
  • Highest site-specific risks were noted for anal cancer in men (IRR=5.04) and cervical cancer in women (IRR=2.64).

Conclusions:

  • Ever-married status is consistently associated with lower cancer risk.
  • Marital status appears to stratify cancer risk through cumulative social and behavioral factors.
  • Marital status can serve as a valuable social indicator for cancer risk stratification and prevention strategies.