New and Emerging Drug Reactions

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Novel therapeutic agents are increasingly utilized for inflammatory skin conditions and oncologic indications.
• Understanding the spectrum of cutaneous adverse reactions associated with these medications is crucial for patient care.
• Recent approvals include dupilumab, IL-12/-23 and IL-23 inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, mogamulizumab, and enfortumab vedotin.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical and histopathologic findings of cutaneous adverse reactions to newer medications.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of skin toxicities associated with targeted therapies for dermatologic and oncologic conditions.

Main Methods:

• Review of clinical presentations and histopathologic features.
• Synthesis of data from recent literature and clinical experience.
• Focus on specific drug classes including biologics and targeted cancer therapies.

Main Results:

• Diverse cutaneous adverse reactions are associated with dupilumab, IL-12/-23 and IL-23 inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, mogamulizumab, and enfortumab vedotin.
• Specific patterns of skin toxicity are observed for each medication class.
• Histopathologic findings aid in differentiating drug-induced reactions from underlying diseases.

Conclusions:

• Early recognition and accurate diagnosis of drug-induced cutaneous reactions are essential.
• Awareness of these adverse events facilitates appropriate management and minimizes morbidity.
• This review serves as a resource for clinicians managing patients on novel systemic therapies.