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Comparing pre- and post-COVID-19 chronic allergy prevalence in children using National Health and Nutrition

Bomi Kim1, Sunyeob Choi2

  • 1Department of Nursing, Honam University, Gwangju, and.

Allergologie Select
|April 9, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic minimally impacted childhood asthma, atopic dermatitis, and rhinitis prevalence in South Korea. While some demographic factors like vaccination rates shifted, allergic disease rates remained stable between 2019 and 2021.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic introduced significant societal changes impacting public health.
  • Understanding its effects on children's health, particularly allergic diseases, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess changes in demographic characteristics, parental smoking, and the prevalence of asthma, atopic dermatitis, and rhinitis in South Korean children.
  • To compare these factors before (2019) and after (2021) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of national health survey data from 2019 and 2021.
  • Inclusion of children aged 3–18 years, analyzing demographic, parental, and health-related factors.
  • Statistical adjustment for general and parent-related characteristics to evaluate disease prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Influenza vaccination rates and maternal age at first birth showed significant increases between 2019 and 2021.
  • No significant difference in asthma prevalence was observed after adjusting for covariates.
  • Atopic dermatitis showed gender distribution differences in 2021, while rhinitis showed differences in age, area, and breastfeeding status.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic influenced specific demographic trends but did not significantly alter the prevalence of childhood asthma, atopic dermatitis, or rhinitis.
  • Highlights the need for ongoing monitoring of social changes' impact on child health during major global events.
  • Further research is recommended to explore the long-term health consequences.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19KNHANESallergic rhinitisasthmaatopic dermatitischildrenchronic allergic diseases

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