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Mapping the Mandibular Lingual Foramina for Safer Chin Surgery: CT Morphometry and Predictive Modeling
Han Zeng1, Yu Wang1, Naili Wang2
1Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 33, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China.
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
|April 9, 2026
Summary
This study identifies a high-risk zone in the chin for genioplasty surgery, using CT scans and cadaver dissections to map lingual foramina (LF) and improve surgical planning for safer outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Anatomy
- Medical Imaging
- Surgical Planning
Background:
- Submental hematoma post-genioplasty is rare but potentially fatal.
- Current imaging offers limited patient-specific guidance for chin osteotomy design.
Purpose of the Study:
- To precisely map lingual foramina (LF) in the chin using CT analysis and cadaveric dissection.
- To develop patient-specific predictive models for LF location to enhance genioplasty safety.
Main Methods:
- Combined cadaveric dissection with CT analysis of 211 adults.
- Measured LF number, diameter, location, and trajectory in relation to anatomical landmarks.
- Utilized multivariable linear regression and random forest machine learning to predict LF depth.
Main Results:
- Lingual foramina cluster in the midline, with larger foramina descending towards the submental region.
- Chin height and LF-genial spine distance were key predictors of LF position.
- A random forest model accurately predicted midline LF position (R²=0.85), identifying canal course, chin height, and genial spine zone as critical factors.
Conclusions:
- Defines a central high-risk corridor for genioplasty.
- Provides millimeter-level tools for refining osteotomy and fixation planning.
- Enhances safety and precision in aesthetic genioplasty procedures.
