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Noncanonical expression mechanisms in orthoflaviviruses
Samuel Donaire-Carpio1, Adam Moundib1, Chloë Delon1
1Virus Sensing and Signaling Unit, Institut Pasteur Paris, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Paris, France.
Current Opinion in Virology
|April 9, 2026
Summary
Orthoflaviviruses use noncoding RNAs and unique translation methods to adapt to diverse hosts. These strategies enhance viral replication and immune evasion, offering insights into antiviral therapies.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Orthoflaviviruses are arthropod-borne RNA viruses with compact genomes.
- They infect a wide range of hosts, including insects and vertebrates.
- Viruses employ diverse expression mechanisms to maximize functionality and modulate host interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore how orthoflaviviruses utilize noncanonical expression strategies.
- To understand the role of noncoding RNAs and unconventional translation in viral adaptation.
- To highlight the evolutionary plasticity of orthoflaviviruses.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on orthoflavivirus gene expression.
- Analysis of noncoding RNAs (subgenomic flavivirus RNAs, viral microRNAs).
- Examination of unconventional translational strategies (upstream open reading frames, programmed ribosomal frameshifting).
Main Results:
- Orthoflaviviruses employ subgenomic flavivirus RNAs and viral microRNAs for enhanced expression.
- Unconventional translation mechanisms like upstream open reading frames and programmed ribosomal frameshifting are utilized.
- These strategies enable manipulation of host cellular machinery in diverse hosts.
Conclusions:
- Noncanonical genome optimization strategies are key to orthoflavivirus adaptability.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral therapies and vaccines.
- These findings advance knowledge on emerging and re-emerging viral diseases.
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