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Differential Pathogenicity and Secreted in Xylem Gene Patterns in Fusarium spp. Causing Onion Basal Rot.

Sieun Kim1,2, Ha-Kyoung Lee1, Da-Ran Kim1

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Summary

Fusarium basal rot (FBR) in onions is linked to specific effector genes in Fusarium species. A new qPCR assay targeting SIX9 aids in diagnosing FBR by detecting pathogenic Fusarium strains.

Keywords:
Fusarium basal rotSIX genesonionqPCR

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Fusarium basal rot (FBR) significantly impacts global onion (Allium cepa L.) production.
  • Key Fusarium species in South Korea include Fusarium oxysporum, F. commune, and F. proliferatum.
  • Understanding effector gene roles is crucial for managing FBR.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between effector gene profiles and virulence in Fusarium species causing FBR.
  • To identify specific effector genes associated with high pathogenicity in onion.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of 34 Fusarium isolates for 14 Secreted in Xylem (SIX) genes and three effector candidates (CRX1, CRX2, C5).
  • Assessing isolate aggressiveness on onion seedlings and bulbs.
  • Developing and validating a SIX9-targeted quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay.

Main Results:

  • F. oxysporum isolates with a specific suite of SIX genes and CRX effectors showed higher aggressiveness.
  • SIX-negative strains and F. proliferatum also contributed to FBR, indicating diverse virulence factors.
  • SIX9 was frequently detected in highly pathogenic strains.
  • A validated qPCR assay accurately detects SIX9-positive Fusarium isolates.

Conclusions:

  • Effector gene profiles, particularly SIX genes, are linked to Fusarium pathogenicity in onions.
  • SIX-independent factors also contribute to FBR.
  • The SIX9-targeted qPCR assay is a valuable tool for FBR diagnosis and management.