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Assessing the Effect of Rural Placements Through a Pre-Post Approach With Different Temporal Targets: Are We

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Rural placements sustain interest in rural practice for already committed students. However, the "converting" effect for attracting new students, particularly from urban backgrounds, may be limited by current program scopes.

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Area of Science:

  • Rural Health Workforce Research
  • Medical Education
  • Health Professions Education

Background:

  • Rural placements are crucial for attracting health students to rural practice.
  • Assessing the impact of these placements on rural career intentions requires robust research methods.
  • This informs resource allocation and student support strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel rural attitude measurement approach for assessing rural placement impacts.
  • To examine differences in perceptions between city and rural background students.
  • To identify characteristics of students with positive rural placement outcomes ('converting' or 'sustaining' rural attraction).

Main Methods:

  • A pre-post cohort design was used with 163 matched surveys from health students undertaking Australian rural placements.
  • Attractiveness of living/working outside major cities was measured at two future timepoints: early career (1-3 years post-graduation) and established career (10-15 years post-graduation).

Main Results:

  • Overall, only mid-career attraction to rural practice significantly increased post-placement.
  • Respondents were predominantly from rural backgrounds (78%), with significant proportions having care responsibilities (29%) and being older (36% aged 30+).
  • Subgroup analyses revealed important differences in placement outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Rural placements effectively 'sustain' rural career intentions for students already inclined towards rural practice.
  • The 'converting' effect, attracting new students (especially from urban backgrounds) to rural practice, appears constrained by current Rural Health Multidisciplinary Training (RHMT) Program scope.