Nd: YAG laser in modern dentistry: Advances in periodontal, endodontic, and soft tissue therapeutics

The Nd: YAG laser has emerged as a versatile tool in dentistry due to its selective interaction with pigmented tissues and its relatively deep penetration into oral structures. Therefore, it is of interest to review the core mechanisms, key clinical applications in periodontics, endodontics, soft-tissue surgery and dentin hypersensitivity, as well as the safety principles governing responsible use. Evidence indicates significant reductions in bacterial load, improved hemostasis and patient comfort when parameters are calibrated appropriately. Important limitations include thermal risk, cost and a learning curve, reinforcing the need to integrate lasers with conventional techniques. Overall, Nd: YAG technology can enhance minimally invasive dental care when applied within evidence-based protocols.