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A comparative simulation analysis of distributed power flow controller performance on transmission system
Abhishek Vashistha1, Dharmbir Prasad1, Pankaj Kumar2
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Delhi NCR Campus, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201204, India.
Scientific Reports
|April 10, 2026
Summary
The Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) offers superior performance in power transmission compared to the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). DPFC demonstrates enhanced active power transfer and reduced harmonic distortion, improving grid stability and reliability.
Area of Science:
- Electrical Engineering
- Power Systems Engineering
- Control Systems
Background:
- Increasing global energy demand necessitates optimizing existing transmission infrastructure.
- New transmission line construction faces cost and regulatory limitations.
- Undesirable power flow pathways and voltage instability challenge current power grids.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare the operational performance of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) strategies.
- To analyze the active power exchange characteristics of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) and Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC).
- To assess the effectiveness of UPFC and DPFC in regulating power flow and mitigating Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).
Main Methods:
- Modeling and simulation of UPFC and DPFC using MATLAB/Simulink.
- Analysis of active power transfer under normal operating conditions.
- Evaluation of performance during three-phase fault scenarios.
Main Results:
- DPFC transferred higher active power (0.301 MW vs. 0.290 MW) with lower voltage THD (9.04% vs. 15.26%) than UPFC under normal conditions.
- During three-phase faults, DPFC maintained better performance with 0.280 MW active power and 0.072 MVAR reactive power, compared to UPFC.
- DPFC consistently minimized voltage THD in both normal and fault conditions.
Conclusions:
- DPFC demonstrates superior power transfer capacity and voltage stability compared to UPFC.
- The distributed converter topology of DPFC enhances its reliability and performance in transmission systems.
- DPFC represents a more effective solution for intelligent power flow regulation in modern electrical grids.
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