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Simple Scaling Laws for Energy Correlators in Nuclear Matter.

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Nuclear collisions reveal modifications in energy correlators due to nuclear effects. A new light-ray operator product expansion (OPE) framework explains these modifications, mapping them to quantum field theory properties.

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Area of Science:

  • High-energy nuclear physics
  • Quantum field theory
  • Particle physics

Background:

  • Collider experiments probe exotic nuclear matter.
  • Energy correlators show modifications in proton-nucleus (p-A) and nucleus-nucleus (A-A) collisions compared to proton-proton (p-p) collisions.
  • Nuclear effects alter particle interactions and energy distributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate how the light-ray operator product expansion (OPE) maps energy correlator scaling behaviors to quantum field theory properties in nuclear collisions.
  • To characterize leading nuclear effects using the light-ray OPE.
  • To provide a theoretical framework for understanding nuclear modifications to energy correlator observables.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the light-ray operator product expansion (OPE) framework.
  • Analyzing energy correlator measurements from p-A and A-A collisions.
  • Mapping scaling behaviors of energy correlators to quantum field theory properties.

Main Results:

  • The leading modification in energy correlator distributions is an enhancement of twist-4 light-ray operators.
  • This results in a scaling of the two-point correlator ratio (nuclear matter to vacuum) of approximately 1+aθ².
  • The twist-4 correction accurately describes recent A-A and p-A data for typical jet radii.

Conclusions:

  • The light-ray OPE successfully characterizes leading nuclear effects on energy correlators.
  • The developed approach provides a rigorous method for analyzing nuclear modifications in collider experiments.
  • This work lays the foundation for future studies on nuclear matter properties through energy correlator observables.