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Fundamental Limits to Cat Code Qubits from Chaos-Assisted Tunneling.

Lionel E Martínez1,2, Ignacio García-Mata3, Diego A Wisniacki1

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Chaos-assisted tunneling (CAT) limits the protection of Kerr-cat qubits. This study reveals that increasing nonlinearities lead to chaotic states that mediate tunneling, fundamentally bounding qubit coherence.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum computing
  • Superconducting qubits
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Kerr-cat qubits offer long lifetimes due to suppressed tunneling between degenerate cat states.
  • Dynamically protected qubits are crucial for advancing quantum computation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of chaos-assisted tunneling (CAT) on the coherence of Kerr-cat qubits.
  • To determine if chaotic dynamics impose a fundamental limit on qubit protection.

Main Methods:

  • Floquet analysis to study qubit dynamics under increasing nonlinearities.
  • Full quantum simulations to compute tunneling rates.
  • Semiclassical WKB theory for comparison with simulations.

Main Results:

  • Chaos-assisted tunneling (CAT) was observed in Kerr-cat qubits for the first time.
  • Increasing nonlinearities lead to chaotic states that mediate tunneling.
  • Tunneling rates show large quasienergy splittings directly linked to chaos.

Conclusions:

  • Chaos-assisted tunneling (CAT) imposes an intrinsic limit on the protection of Kerr-cat qubits.
  • Dynamically protected superconducting qubits have a fundamental coherence bound set by chaos.
  • Understanding CAT is essential for designing more robust quantum computing architectures.