Characterization of a Biosensor For the Detection of Triglycerides in Vegetable Oils Using Lipase from Candida Rugosa

Rapid and cost-effective quantification of triglycerides remains a challenge in industrial food quality control, where conventional analytical methods are often time-consuming and resource-intensive. This study aimed to develop and characterize an amperometric biosensor based on lipase (LPS) as a biorecognition element for efficient triglyceride detection in vegetable oils.

Lipase was immobilized onto the electrode surface to catalyze the hydrolysis of glyceryl tributyrate, enabling electrochemical signal generation. Measurements were performed at an applied potential of -600 mV, with a detection time of 7 seconds. The enzymatic reaction rate was derived from the slope of the amperometric signal (mV/s), and calibration was conducted over a concentration range of 1-5 mM.

The biosensor demonstrated a strong linear response (R² = 0.998) and high substrate affinity (KM = 0.13 mM). The system exhibited excellent repeatability and specificity, with minimal interference from other triglycerides. Long-term stability studies showed that the immobilized enzyme retained approximately 90% of its activity over 260 days and could be reused up to 27 times without significant performance loss.

This biosensor represents a robust, rapid, and environmentally friendly analytical platform for triglyceride detection, offering a practical alternative to conventional techniques and strong potential for implementation in routine industrial quality control.