Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) in a Turkish adult population.

The sample included 296 adults: 163 healthcare professionals at Silifke State Hospital (Sample 1) and 133 individuals applying for a health committee report (Sample 2).

Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the unidimensional structure of the B-PSQI in both samples. The B-PSQI scores were highly correlated with the PSQI scores in both samples, with r values of 0.905 and 0.925. The B-PSQI scores also demonstrated strong correlations with the Insomnia Severity Index scores in Sample 1 (r=0.774) and Sample 2 (r=0.762). Furthermore, B-PSQI scores were positively correlated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. The reliability of the scale was acceptable, with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega values exceeding 0.70. A score of ≥4 on the B-PSQI provided the optimal balance between sensitivity (85.0% and 95.9%) and specificity (89.3% and 85.7%) for detecting individuals with poor sleep quality.

The current findings suggest that the B-PSQI is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing sleep quality among Turkish adults. Further research in diverse populations is warranted to corroborate these findings.