[The Eye and Optic Nerve in Neurological Practice]

The eye serves as an important "window" that sensitively reflects neurological lesions. This article reviews the basic anatomy of the eyeball and optic nerve, and explains simple methods for evaluating visual acuity, pupils, ocular movements, color vision, visual fields, and the fundus that can be performed by neurologists in outpatient clinics and at the bedside. It also focuses on optic neuritis, which is closely associated with neurological disorders, outlining examination methods and key clinical precautions that can be undertaken by neurologists, as well as major ophthalmic adverse effects that may occur with drugs used to treat neurological diseases. Finally, the importance of early collaboration with ophthalmologists is emphasized.