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Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies TALAM1 and LINC00702 as HIV-1-Responsive lncRNAs in Microglia
Victoria Rojas-Celis1, Catalina Millan-Hidalgo1, Izabela Mamede2
1Virology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 14, 2026
Summary
This study identifies two long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), TALAM1 and LINC00702, that are regulated by HIV-1 infection in human microglia. These lncRNAs may play roles in viral replication and neuroinflammation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
Background:
- Microglia are key in HIV-1 brain reservoirs and HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate HIV-1 in T cells and macrophages, but their role in microglia is unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate microglial transcriptional responses to HIV-1 infection.
- Identify lncRNAs involved in HIV-1 pathogenesis in the CNS.
Main Methods:
- RNA sequencing of human microglial cells stimulated with HIV-1 or TNF-α.
- Gene set enrichment analysis.
- RT-qPCR validation and lncRNA knockdown experiments.
Main Results:
- HIV-1 infection and TNF-α stimulation induced overlapping transcriptional responses.
- TALAM1 and LINC00702 lncRNAs were upregulated by HIV-1.
- Knockdown of TALAM1 or LINC00702 affected viral RNA levels; LINC00702 knockdown also affected p55 production.
- TALAM1 shifted from cytoplasmic to nuclear localization upon HIV-1 infection; LINC00702 remained nuclear.
Conclusions:
- TALAM1 and LINC00702 are differentially regulated by HIV-1 in microglia.
- These lncRNAs may influence RNA processing, splicing, and immune responses.
- TALAM1 and LINC00702 are potential targets for understanding and treating HAND.
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