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Two-Antenna Gain Measurement Method Using Two UAVs.

Venkat Reddy Kandregula¹, Zaharias D Zaharis², Evangelos Vassos³

¹School of Computing and Engineering, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.

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|April 14, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) measurements evaluated a printed log-periodic dipole antenna (PLPDA) outdoors. This novel method using two UAVs for transmitting and receiving confirmed PLPDA performance, matching chamber and simulation results.

Keywords:

antenna under test (AUT)electromagnetics (EM)far-field measurements printed-log periodic dipole antenna (PLPDA)two-antenna gain measurement method unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)

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Area of Science:

Electromagnetics and Antenna Theory
Aerospace Engineering and Remote Sensing

Background:

Accurate antenna performance evaluation in outdoor environments is crucial for wireless communication systems.
Traditional measurement methods can be limited by fixed infrastructure and environmental factors.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) offer a flexible platform for remote antenna testing.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the performance of a printed log-periodic dipole antenna (PLPDA) in outdoor conditions.
To introduce and validate a novel UAV-based measurement methodology for antenna characterization.
To compare UAV-based measurements with traditional anechoic chamber results and simulations.

Main Methods:

Utilized two commercially available, non-tethered UAVs configured as separate transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) platforms.
Equipped TX UAV with a signal generator and PLPDA (0.8 and 3.5 GHz, +15 dBm output).
Equipped RX UAV with a spectrum analyzer and identical PLPDA; obtained radiation patterns and realized gain via the two-antenna gain method.

Main Results:

Successfully obtained the radiation pattern of the PLPDA in the azimuth plane using the dual-UAV system.
Evaluated the realized gain of the PLPDA through the two-antenna gain method.
Demonstrated strong agreement between UAV-based measurements, anechoic chamber data, and simulation results.

Conclusions:

The UAV-based antenna measurement technique provides a reliable and flexible method for evaluating antenna performance in outdoor, far-field conditions.
The validated methodology supports the use of UAVs for diverse antenna testing scenarios, enhancing measurement flexibility.
The study confirms the reliable performance of the printed log-periodic dipole antenna (PLPDA) in real-world outdoor environments.