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Syphilis in Poland in 2023.

Marta Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik1, Karolina Zakrzewska1

  • 1Zakład Epidemiologii Chorób Zakaźnych i Nadzoru, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego PZH - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy.

Przeglad Epidemiologiczny
|April 14, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Syphilis cases in Poland surged over 50% in 2023, with early syphilis remaining high. This trend highlights ongoing transmission challenges for this sexually transmitted infection.

Keywords:
2023PolandPolskaSTIepidemiologiaepidemiologykiłarok 2023syphilis

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Poland observed a significant >50% increase in syphilis cases in 2023.
  • Clinical differentiation of new infections, reinfections, and residual serology for *Treponema pallidum* remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the 2023 epidemiological situation of syphilis in Poland.
  • To compare current syphilis trends with previous years.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of case-based data for newly detected syphilis in 2023.
  • Inclusion of aggregated infectious disease data (2017-2019) and treatment data (2020-2023).

Main Results:

  • Poland reported 2,968 syphilis cases in 2023 (7.89/100,000 population).
  • Cases were most common in individuals under 30 (37.1%) and men (88.1%).
  • Early syphilis (A51) comprised 36.0% and other/undetermined syphilis (A53) 60.6% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Reported syphilis cases more than doubled in 2023 compared to the previous year.
  • A high proportion of early syphilis cases suggests ongoing transmission and potential for further increases.