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Related Concept Videos

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description01:30

Pleural Disorders: Types and Brief Description

1.0K
The pleura is a vital part of the respiratory system. It's a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The two layers of the pleura are:
1.0K
Pleura of the Lungs01:13

Pleura of the Lungs

11.0K
The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
11.0K
Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

Pleural Effusion I: Introduction

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Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...
5.9K
Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management01:28

Pleural Effusion II: Symptoms and Management

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Pleural Effusion Overview
A pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid between the parietal and visceral pleura layers of tissue that form the lining of the lungs and chest cavity. It can occur independently or due to surrounding parenchymal diseases, such as infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions.
Clinical Manifestations:
1.2K
Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

1.5K
Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
1.5K
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

2.1K
A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
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Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

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Update on pleural mesothelioma.

Deshawn Chong Xuan Tan1,2, Wee Loong Chin3,4, Yun Chor Gary Lee4,5,6,7

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern General Hospital.

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
|April 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pleural mesothelioma management is shifting from aggressive surgery to biologically-informed, less invasive strategies. Early detection and biomarker-driven therapies, including immunotherapy and AI, are key for improved outcomes in this lethal cancer.

Keywords:
immunotherapymesotheliomamesothelioma in situpleuralsurgery

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Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines
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Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines

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Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model
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Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

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Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines
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Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines

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Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model
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Orthotopic Implantation and Peripheral Immune Cell Monitoring in the II-45 Syngeneic Rat Mesothelioma Model

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pulmonology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Pleural mesothelioma is a lethal malignancy with increasing global incidence.
  • Pulmonologists require updated knowledge on diagnostic and therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent paradigm shifts in pleural mesothelioma nomenclature, diagnosis, and treatment.
  • To highlight evolving strategies for managing this challenging cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of high-impact randomized clinical trials and emerging research.
  • Analysis of updated nomenclature, molecular markers, and therapeutic modalities.
  • Exploration of novel approaches including targeted therapy, intrapleural treatments, and AI.

Main Results:

  • Mesothelioma in-situ is recognized as pre-invasive, aided by molecular markers.
  • Radical surgery negatively impacts survival and quality of life.
  • Dual immunotherapy (nivolumab/ipilimumab) is a first-line option; pembrolizumab offers modest benefits with chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Management is moving towards less invasive, biologically-informed approaches with earlier detection.
  • Biomarker-driven systemic and intrapleural therapies are crucial for optimizing outcomes.
  • Future research should focus on mesothelioma-specific trials, perioperative immunotherapy, and AI applications for diagnosis and treatment selection.